Abstract            Volume:11  Issue-8  Year-2023         Original Research Articles

Online ISSN : 2347 - 3215 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcret@gmail.com

Growth promoters including hormonal substances and antibiotics are used legally and illegally in food producing animals for the growth promotion of livestock animals. Hormonal substances still under debate in terms of their human health impacts are estradiol-17β, progesterone, testosterone, zeranol, trenbolone, and melengestrol acetate (MGA).Hormone increase the animals' growth rate and the efficiency by which they convert the feed they eat into meat. All approved steroid implant products have a zero day withdrawal. This means that the meat from the animal is safe for humans to eat at any time after the animal is treated. Estradiol, progesterone and testosterone are hormones present in plant and animal products. These naturally occurring hormones are endogenous (coming from inside the system). In animals, they travel through the bloodstream to synchronize body functions and influence reproduction, growth and development. Hormones such as androgens and estrogens are exogenous (coming from outside the system). They are given to growing cattle to promote growth and they cooperate with the endogenous hormones. Growth promoting hormones improve feed efficiency, protein deposition and growth rate of cattle.

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