Abstract            Volume:12  Issue-10  Year-2024         Original Research Articles

Online ISSN : 2347 - 3215 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcret@gmail.com

The transition stage is characterized by reduced dry matter intake, impaired liver function, and increased inflammation and oxidative stress. Which may increase the need for trace minerals and vitamin E. Trace elements are important for many important biological functions in dairy cows, including immunity, oxidative metabolism, nutrient, energy metabolism, and reproductive function. Selenium (Se) plays a role in the antioxidant system as a key component of the glutathione peroxides enzyme, which can remove hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lipid hydro peroxides. Vitamin E has a immunity booster effect in dairy cow. Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are important components of several enzymes, including Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) and redox processes. Manganese (Mn) is an important cofactor in enzymatic reactions related to metabolic regulation. Moreover, there is strong evidence that trace elements such as Se, Zn, Cu, and Mn can minimize the adverse effects of oxidative stress. Cows in subtropical and tropical regions are exposed to many stressors, including seasonal malnutrition, parasites and blood-sucking insects, high temperature, and high humidity. The maintenance of efficient milk production is of utmost importance and high reproductive performance is absolutely crucial. Biological adjustments are necessary to support dramatic production increase during post-partum in cow.

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