Abstract            Volume:12  Issue-10  Year-2024         Original Research Articles

Online ISSN : 2347 - 3215 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcret@gmail.com

The toxicity of fluoride in aquatic organism increases with the rise in level of fluoride concentration, duration of exposure, and water temperature, while it diminishes with an increase in intraspecific size and the water levels of calcium and chloride. Freshwater invertebrates and fishes, particularly net spinning caddisfly larvae and migrating adult salmon, are more susceptible to fluoride toxicity compared to estuarine and marine species. In soft waters characterized by low ionic content, even a fluoride concentration as minimal as 0.5 mg F−/l can significantly harm invertebrates and fishes, prompting recommendations for safe levels below this threshold to safeguard freshwater organisms from fluoride contamination. Fluoride toxicity is becoming increasingly prevalent in various regions globally. Elevated fluoride levels in water jeopardize aquatic life, just as excess fluoride in drinking water poses risks to both animals and humans. Fish inhabiting freshwater contaminated with fluoride suffer adverse effects. Fluoride infiltrates and accumulates within their bodies, subsequently entering the food chain. While low fluoride levels are not life threatening, persistent bioaccumulation leads to toxic consequences in living organisms, which can have fatal outcomes. A comprehensive understanding of fluoride exposure and toxicity is essential for devising effective control and preventative strategies against fluoride pollution. Managing fluoride intoxication in fish is crucial to mitigate health risks for humans consuming fluoride affected fish and to enhance aquaculture yields.

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